Invasive fungal infections: past achievements and challenges ahead

paSt aChievementS and preSent ChallengeS

Economic sociology has experienced a remarkable rebirth. this trend has been chronicled and celebrated in a number of publications and reached its height with the appearance of two successive editions of a massive Handbook, edited by neil J. Smelser and richard Swedberg. 1 this feat, added to the influence achieved by mark granovetter's article on the social " embeddedness " of economic action,...

HIV prevention: great achievements, more challenges ahead.

The value of HIV testing has grown in parallel with the development of increasingly effective HIV treatment. Evidence for the substantial reductions in transmission when persons receive antiretroviral therapy creates a new impetus to increase testing and early diagnosis. Models of treatment as prevention—dubbed “test and treat”—give reason for optimism that control and elimination of HIV may no...

Glucocorticoids and invasive fungal infections.

Since the 1990s, opportunistic fungal infections have emerged as a substantial cause of morbidity and mortality in profoundly immunocompromised patients. Hypercortisolaemic patients, both those with endogenous Cushing's syndrome and, much more frequently, those receiving exogenous glucocorticoid therapy, are especially at risk of such infections. This vulnerability is attributed to the complex ...

Sexually transmitted infections: challenges ahead

Systemic cancer therapy: achievements and challenges that lie ahead

In the last half of the century, advances in the systemic therapy of cancer, including chemotherapy, hormonal therapy, targeted therapy, and immunotherapy have been responsible for improvements in cancer related mortality in developed countries even as the population continues to age. Although such advancements have yet to benefit all cancer types, systemic therapies have led to an improvement ...